An Evaluation Of Nullsoft Winamp :: essays research papers

Nullsoft Winamp is a fast, flexible, high fidelity practice of medicine player for Windows 95/98/NT. Winamp supports MP3, MP2, CD, MOD, WAV and other audio formats. Winamp also supports custom interfaces called skins, audio visual percept and audio effect plug-ins. Nullsoft also provides a high quality website at http//www.winamp.com. The Winamp homepage provides support, information, softw ar d featureloads, and music downloads for Nullsofts music products. Winamp is a high quality music player for your personal computer. The first thing to look for when considering a program to play music on your computer is give way quality. Nullsoft Winamp has the ability to play CD quality sound from MP3, MP2, CD, MOD, WAV and other audio formats. Winamp has a ten band graphic equalizer and built-in pre-amplifier that allows the user greater control over sound quality even before the music passes through a sound card or speakers. If you are non comfortable with changing the equalizer setting s yourself, Winamp has hundreds of predetermined settings which are categorized by music type. Examples of this include Jazz, Rock, Reggae, and many more. Winamp users even have the ability to create and save song-specific pre-amplifier and equalizer settings. Another important component part in choosing a music program for your computer is customizable features. Winamp meets this criterion well. The ability to customize your music player makes the program easier to use. The user has the ability to make a Play list from the music files that are stored on the hard drive of the users computer. Play lists are easy to load and are not difficult to create. The Nullsoft Winamp website has a Plugin and Skin collection available for downloads to further customize your copy of Winamp. There are hundreds of different plugins and skins to choose from. Plugins for Winamp range from audio visual image oscilloscopes to audio effects like distortion and surround sound. Skin categories range fro m different colors to cartoons and artwork. Technically advanced users can even create their own skins. Customer service and technical support services are important with any product, especially when a user is unfamiliar with the product. The Winamp program can be difficult to learn and use without some instruction. However, Nullsoft Winamp provides a stable and easy to navigate website that includes many helpful services. Customer service and technical support are available through chat and via email from the Winamp homepage. Customers have the ability to read step-by-step instructions on how to use Winamp and all of its custom features by clicking on easy to see links.

Warfare :: Essays Papers

Warfare Warfare is a prominent theme in Beowulf . The dry lands and conduct for and during warfare are mentioned and displayed throughout the poem. The reason for warfare is usually for retribution. As an act of revenge, struggles are fought. The conduct is also very standard and prevalent. All warfare fought by honorable men had to be fought fair. If the opposing side bore no weapons, then the other side also used no weapons. The author of this poem depicts himself/herself to be an advocate of warfare. By idolizing Beowulf because of his heroic deeds during warfare, the poet makes armed conflict bravenessous and noble. The reasons for bloodshed are spelled out quite well when noble Beowulf consoles his sad friend, Hrothgar concerning his friends demise. He tells him Sorrow non wise warrior. It is better for a man to avenge his friend than much to mourn (Norton 45). Beowulf advocates and promises to avenge Aescheres death during warfare with the slayer, Grendels mother. The act of battle is given a reason and purpose which is to avenge a death. Conduct in warfare might be every man for himself in at presents world however, during Beowulfs time, the poet shows that honor was the most valuable asset. Upon knowledge that Grendel used no weapons, just bare flesh, Beowulf immediately put his weapons aside and promised to repugn empty handed, so the fight would be fair. I have also heard say that the monster in his recklessness cares not for weapons......I scorn to fork over sword or broad shield, yellow wood, to the battle, but with my grasp I shall grapple with the enemy and fight for life, foe against foe (Norton 32). An unfair fight, as the poet implies, has no glory or distinction. This proves Beowulf to be a worthy hero and role-model. The poet gives the impression that warfare is honorable and exciting. This does not imply that the poet likes bloodshed it refers to honorable warfare. Honorable warfare includes a good reason and virtuou s conduct. The poet can not be a pacifistic because he/she describes Beowulf as a savior and hero. If the poet was a pacifist he/she would have described him as an egotistical bully. The poet makes Beowulf an icon and noble warrior. Beowulf is described as survived every combat, every dangerous battle, every deed of courage also called .

Role of The Tannery in the novel Nectar in a Sieve Essay -- essays res

QuestionWhat role does the tannery, in Rukmanis city, have throughout the book? Explain. Also, be sure to dispute what effect it had on the people.In almost every novel, there is at least wiz culprit or menace. He or she usually causes problems and in more exciting works, ends up murdering one of the protagonists. Hence, in the erratic novel Nectar in a Sieve, which is set in India during the early 1950s, there has been a troublemaker, just hidden and extremely indirect in his actions. Whats his name? one might ask. The answer the tannery. This corporation alone forces Rukmani and her husband Nathan off their land, takes away(predicate) Rukmanis sons, and ultimately, kills her husband. By being the culprit in the book, the tannery symbolizes many important things such as how the area is changing and those who cant adapt testament flounder such as what happens to Rukmani and Nathan. The tannery shows Indias economic situation as well. The more businesses, the faster Indias econom ic structure go away form, resulting in more political power for the country, moreover deteriorating the crop life. Lastly, the tannery depicts how farm life in India is slowly fading away and those who can not find other skills will fade away too. A major corporation opening in a small town is a sign that the tides are changing and if one can not keep up, he will drown. This is certainly the case in Nectar in a Sieve, being that the tannery opens up in Rukmanis city. At the time, Rukmani and Nathan have no other skills than tilling the fields and when the tannery buys their land, they were left awestruck as to what their next move should be. Rukmani always had a hunch since the decease of the book that the tannery would lead to their end. This quote shows that... ...ry provides stable wages and hope for promotion. This is more secure than working in a farm because even if there is a drought or the crops go bad, workers still earn a constant rupee a day to support their family. The tannery opening up in Rukmanis small city and the steady rush of workers depicts how farm life in India will decrease in the next century.Rukmani overcame many hardships in the novel but her fight with the tannery is a loss. The tannery ultimately defeats her and takes away her husband. Alas, readers typically overlook the tannery as being the antagonist in the novel even though it frequently angry the lives of Rukmani and Nathan. Everybody has at least one tannery in their life, be it their boss, friend, coworker or even parent. Being able to overcome your mental tannery would grant you success in life, something Rukmani could never achieve.

Essay --

Happiness is arguably the most sought after goal of the human condition, and prison term and money are possibly two of the most valuable resources any individual possesses. The article Time, money and happiness How does putting a price on time affect out ability to smell the roses? by Sanford E. DeVoe and Julian House (2012), sets out to answer the question what is the connection between time, money, and happiness? The surmise that DeVoe and House (2012) proposed was that there is a frustration caused when the goal of maximizing the economic value of time is obstructed and that this frustration can lessen other benefits of experiences, curiously pleasure. This hypothesis requires that the individual think about time in relation to its monetary value and therefore whether or not time can be better spent doing something that brings in money. The researchers tested their hypothesis through a few look intos. The first experiment that DeVoe and House (2012) conducted was to directly t est their hypothesis. The procedure of this experiment was to take 53 undergraduate students (32 femal...

Guide Dogs :: essays research papers

My report is going to be on guide dogs. In this I volition rise how the guide dogs are used in everyday life. I will exhibit how they are trained to help the blind. I will show you ab out guide dogs and go dogs. I will also show you the dog breeds used for guide and service dogs. In this I will show you the importance of guide dogs to the disabled.Guide dogs begin training at just a puppy. The dogs are taught basic things like to sit, stay, wait, down, off, etc. and of course they are taught to be house broken. The social training for the dog is one of the most important of all they will learn. During this training dogs are introduced to sights, smells, sounds, and unusual surfaces. The trainers also keep end attention to their socializing toward dogs, people, and traffic. And this is a basic training for a guide dog.Many people refer to these dogs as guide dogs, but there is other way to call a dog that leads, a service dog. They are very alike in ways that they both have to watch out closely to everything that&8217s going on around them. A service dog are hearing dogs, they are used for the deaf. Another type of service dog is a seizure alert dog, but these dogs are very un ordinary to see. And these are the types of service dogs.There are many breeds of dogs to choose from approximately of the most common are golden retriever, German shepherd, and Labrador retriever. Many people can pick almost any breed they are looking for though. The common breeds I pointed out are used because of their intelligence, willingness to work, and their mobility. The dogs that help are really filling a hole that these people have.

Guide Dogs :: essays research papers

My report is going to be on guide dogs. In this I will show how the guide dogs argon used in chance(a) life. I will show how they are trained to help the blind. I will show you about guide dogs and table service dogs. I will to a fault show you the dog breeds used for guide and service dogs. In this I will show you the importance of guide dogs to the disabled.Guide dogs begin training at just a puppy. The dogs are taught basic things like to sit, stay, wait, down, off, etc. and of course they are taught to be house broken. The social training for the dog is one of the nearly important of all they will learn. During this training dogs are introduced to sights, smells, sounds, and unusual surfaces. The trainers also keep close attention to their socializing toward dogs, people, and traffic. And this is a basic training for a guide dog. more people refer to these dogs as guide dogs, but there is another way to call a dog that leads, a service dog. They are very alike in ways that t hey both have to watch out closely to everything that&8217s going on around them. A service dog are hearing dogs, they are used for the deaf. Another type of service dog is a seizure alert dog, but these dogs are very uncommon to see. And these are the types of service dogs.There are many breeds of dogs to choose from some of the most common are golden retriever, German shepherd, and Labrador retriever. Many people can pick almost any breed they are looking for though. The common breeds I pointed out are used because of their intelligence, willingness to work, and their mobility. The dogs that help are really filling a hole that these people have.

Media and censorship

The media is everywhere you turn. The media lav be found in various forms such as cuttingspapers, magazines, telly, and radio. In the process of capturing ratings, whom is the media hurting more? Is it people who atomic number 18 accused of a wickedness, such as O.J. Simpson, or is it the American publics stupidity for believing everything they hear. The job of the media should be to find the truth and tell it to the people. The reporters work ought to be like a pane of glass, flawlessly clear and unspotted, through which the reader might view the important events of the day.The media has the power to inform the public, just often the knowledge it receives is distorted. The media has the power, although indirect, to influence peoples opinions it has shaped our view of society and the process by which we choose our leaders, make our rules, and construct our values. The media promotes what it believes is easiest for the public to accept, but in the process it fails to cover the issues appropriately.The media can make us wiser, fuller, and more aware. Unfortunately, the medias tendencies veer more towards clouding the publics judgments, and causing confusion and disillusionment. Therefore, limitations greatly need to be placed upon the United States Constitution in regard to granting immunity speech and of the beg because presently the media is doing more harm than good.In general, security review is the regulation and control of information and ideas that are circulated among people inside a society. It refers to the examination of electronic and print media for the purposes of altering and/or suppressing parts of the media thought to be inappropriate and/or offensive (Microsoft Encarta) The implication of censorship is that it is necessity for the protection of the viewing public.Pornography, praise of crime, gangs, terrorism, subversive, violations of national security, morality, opposition to the political or religious establishment are materials th at can be exchanged through the in a higher place mentioned media, and are subjected to censorship.Throughout history there have been attempts to censor what people can read, write, speak, create, listen to and view. The verb to censor is defined in Websters Dictionary as to alter, delete, or ban completely after examination. One attempt to regulate the media came when the Fairness dogma was established in 1934. This doctrine was instituted to ensure that publicly owned television and radio stations would not be biased and would not promote their own views.The Federal Communications Council (FCC) was created to enforce this doctrine. In 1987, under the Reagan Administration, the Fairness Doctrine was revoked. (Hull) The role of the FCC changed, therefore evolving to monitor the decency of materials presented on the radio and television. With the abolishment of the Fairness Doctrine, the window for controversial journalists was opened. Thus, America saw the emergence of two strong willed personalities flight Limbaugh and Howard Stern (Green).The Communication Decency Act (CDA) adopted in 1996, is the most important recent development in the United States, regarding censorship and the net. The CDA made it an illegal crime to send indecent material by the Internet into others computers (Wilkins, 5). Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and add together information and ideas through any media and regardless of margins. (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 19) The Freedom of expression is a right that shall not be subject to earlier censorship. (The American Convention on Human Rights states, Article 13).International laws allow governments to re hard the free flow of information as a way of protect confidential data such as national security or public ethics. Materials should be subjected to a certain lever of examination inline with int ernational standards earlier it is published, and prior to censorship, which normally includes inquiry whether there are various ways to protect those interests that are less restrictive of the right to free expression.Society has been abnormal and will continue to be affected not only by television but the media in general. Television is a constant form of diversion and occasionally an average source of news. However, television has been blamed for much of societies flaws because it is easy to attribute it to violence in the media and a social of lack of initiative. Television is a small part of a much larger societal picture and should be weighed as such.Television is a multi billion-dollar exertion. The primary concern of the television pains is to net a profit and then entertain the consumers. The network with the highest rating means more profit the network. Censorship is not only controversial but also quite difficult to implement. Who decides what is inappropriate or too violent, such vague terminology would be difficult to define.For many years the film industry has practiced a form of self-censorship. Increasing demands from the public forced the industry to develop a system classification in 1968. (Microsoft Encarta) The major networks voluntarily puzzle to a self-regulating system this is in conjunction with regulations established by the Federal Communications Commission. The V-chip is the most current weapon in the TV censorship battle. Parents are able to block certain channels so that children are not exposed to violent programming. (Aversa)Generally, knowledge is disseminated in the form of films, publications, computer games, and Internet content, and the Internet is considered the main media via which information can be shared and accessed easily. The Internet is the embodiment of the Information era, and the explosive growth of the Internet brought all corners of the world to domain anyone with a computer, by surfing through a seeming ly endless library of information.The rules governing the Internet are to most extent less strict than those controlling the media that are widely accessible to the masses like publications and broadcast. Computer Bulletin Boards Systems (BBS) are operated by individuals, or organizations. The published material is usually issuance oriented presenting information on interests and hobbies, while BBS systems may also contain adult oriented material, and attempts are exerted to limit minors from accessing the information envelop in those systems. (Electronic bound Foundation)As digital technology is growing, liberties in cyberspace and in publications are threatened by government and corporate practices. According to some committees, foundations and movements, censorship is a dangerous weapon in the hands of governments. Some of these foundations are The Free Software Foundation, The Citizens Internet Empowerment Coalition (CIEC), Electronic frontier foundation (EFF), The American C ivil Liberties Union (ACLU). (Microsoft Encarta)In conclusion, how should the media be regulated? Many people feel that the solution to the problem is to create a new media doctrine of self-restraint. Opponents of this feel that this would alter the information and this country would evolve into a dictatorship. But, if something is not done soon, who know what will happen? If the media does not establish an upcountry system of self-regulation, the government will surely intrude this is a step that will begin with regulation and ultimately lead to total censorship. Freedom of the press is the cornerstone of Americas image of itself. The question of free speech is arguably one of the most complex of all constitutional issues.To solve the problem, there must be a partnership between the media and the American public. If the public commits to not wanting the lies and gossip, the media is not going to try to feed it to them but as America continues to be fascinated by lies and gossip, t hen the press will continue to print it. The likelihood of this occurring is very slim.The government, therefore, needs to step in. Special amendments to the Constitution regarding the right to freedom of press and speech need to be put in place in order to avoid such conflicts in the future. While it should not be the governments position to decide what kind of information the media may release, unfortunately no other medium currently exists through which this information can be sifted.Bibliography The American Convention on Human Rights, 22 November 1969, 2004 Universal Declaration of Human Rights. UN Website, 2004 Green, Jonathan. The Encyclopedia of Censorship. New York Facts on File, 1990. Hull, Mary E. Censorship in America A Reference Handbook. Santa Barbara, CA ABC-CLIO, 1999 Wilkins, J. Protecting our children from Internet smut moral duty or moral panic? The Humanist, 57 (Oct/Nov), 1997 Aversa, Jeannine. FCC Adopts V-Chip Rules They Associated Press. 12 March 1998 Censors hip, Microsoft Encarta Online Encyclopedia, 2004 Electronic Frontier Foundation. Online Censorship & Free Expression, Internet Blocking & Censorware. 2004

Louisa May Alcott-Term Paper Essay

Many authors use experiences from their life as a guide to their writing. Its a way to stock their feelings and emotions, and its something in which they can be passionate. Writers and authors think on a different level than anyone else. They are constantly thinking of different ideas for novels, poems or stories. The outflank writing comes from those who use their own lives as a basis for their writing. They know what to write about and how to describe it perfectly. The best thing about writing from experience, I think, is that, since its still a fictional story, you can have an idea about what you ask to write about, barely youre still able to tally the interesting and fun details you want to. I believe that Louisa May Alcott has written from her own life experiences.In eight-spot Cousins, Rose Campbells arrest passed away and she went to live with two of her aunts and her uncle, closely surrounded by her s til now male cousins, as well as their mothers. She was a sickly gir l and the unless cure her uncle could think of was to get active, whether it was considered ladylike or not. When the two first met, he immediately got her to be outside more and to spend a minor less time thinking about her health. Alcott was perceived as a tom male child and would often play outside, climbing trees or running around. She had a boy neighbor, about her age, with whom she would often play. The two were almost inseparable for a while, and he was described by Alcott as the brother she always wanted.Continuing in octad Cousins, Rose befriended the maid of the household, Phebe, and eventually adopted her as her own sister. Rose believed in a good education, as did Alcott, and would teach Phebe all sorts of different give instruction subjects on her own time. Rose was well educated in Latin and loved to read. She very much enjoyed school, and was extremely smart, though most of the young women in her time werent educated. Both Rose and Phebe looked forward to the time s when they would get to study together. Phebe was never educated before, though she wished to be, and really appreciated Rose for learn her.For women such as Alcott, the world in which they live included women who needed to move beyond the traditional domestic ideal.(Unsexed) Rose was part of the family sustenance in a house with a maid. She was expected to clean up after herself, as was everyone else, but she went beyond that, offering to cook or clean, even when the help wasnt asked of her. She made sure she was educated and healthy, yet still humble at the same time. Rose always wanted to help. In Eight Cousins, it was prominently noted that once Rose went to live with her aunts, uncles, and cousins, there was a major improvement in her. In an era when women had few options for earning money, Alcott determined to suppress her familys poverty by dint of her prolific writing. (Louisa 3) Alcotts family struggled when it came to money, but after moving several times, things got a little easier, especially when Alcott herself started making money on her works.In the later juvenile novel Rose in outpouring, the theme of womens rights is interwoven throughout the lives of its characters.(Louisa 3) Alcott never married, and part of the reason was that she didnt want to give up her independence. This was an era where women werent given as much respect as men, and hardly had any freedom for themselves. Alcott was very much a pro-womens rights advocate. She did everything she could to try and get a say in society. She joined clubs and groups, and protested against the treatment women were given.Alcott was always a strong advocate for social reforms including abolition, prison reform, and temperance, but her primary efforts were directed towards the cause of womens suffrage. (Louisa 3) In Rose in Bloom, Rose re saturnine from a two year voyage overseas and decided that she was red ink to leave her mark in this world. She was a wealthy girl, so she used a lot of her money to open up homes for women and children in need. Rose withal believed that women deserved an equal say in this world.Her juvenile stories emphasize self-sacrifice and devotion to duty.(Louisa 2) Such novels have remained extremely popular for over a hundred (Louisa 1) Alcott was a classic writer and she used her writing as a way to speak up for herself. Both Eight Cousins and Rose in Bloom can be considered almost auto-biographical, but her main story that related to her own life was Little Women, for which Alcott is most famous. Little Women was about four girls who went through their life experiencing different events along the way. When Alcott was writing, she received a request from her publisher to write a novel about a typical American girl. She was incredulous at first, but then agreed.Alcott used herself, as well as her three sisters, as her inspiration for the four main characters. The heroine of Little Women, for example, is a refractory young woman who strive s for independence and personal achievement as a writer, but ultimately modifies her dreams when she gets married- a fact that has caused this novel to be regarded as antifeminist by some critics.(Louisa 1) Although not all of the things that happened in the book happened to her, many of the events did occur in her own life. A prominent theme in much of Alcotts fiction is the conflict experienced by women who must choose between individuality and the bonds of family responsibilities and social traditions.(Louisa 1)Alcott went beyond what was expected of her and chose to be an individual. She didnt appreciate how women were treated, so she stood up for herself and used her books and writings to tell about it. Her subversive sensational stories not only defied 19th-century values of womanhood, but also rebelled against the teachings of her father, Bronson Alcott, who believed in traditional femininity and sentimentalism, in a search for human perfectionism.(Louisa 2) Alcott truly use d her life and feelings as her basis for writing, which is evident in her books. I believe that is why she turned out to be such a great writer. She wrote from her heart and wasnt afraid to let people know who she really was.WORKS CITEDAlexander, Lynn. Unsexed by labor middle-class women and the need to work. bNet. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 May 2011. . Ditchfield, Christin. Louisa May Alcott Author of Little Women. Scholastic Inc., 2005. Print.

European Politics Essay

atomic number 63an pairing has a evolutional history. Many Countries struggle to attain Independences this the only aim of the European Nationsstruggle? This paper has discussed the reasons in that location struggle some being to attain Independence, others embrace to be autonomous and others wanting to unite with Russia. They faced umpteen challenges, and were organized in parties. European authorities is involved with the continuous governmental evolution. Due to the high political unity amongst European states as well as the states long history, European politics is to a greater extent detailed compared to other continents.The European political make-up has been contri stilled to by its historical events, culture, economy and its geographical location. European league is dominant in the modern European politics. This occurred since the collapse of the Eastern Bloc of communists states and the fall of iron curtains. After World War II the EU expand to struggleds the East an d include 27 states as members. These states are re hand overed in the European parliament. European has been undergoing political transformation even since 1763 to 1787.After the seven years war (1756-63) on that point was a stability period of peace. In 1702-1714, thither was the war of the Spanish succession, and this was after many years of the great World War. This war took fifty years. any(prenominal) British and French statesmen had tried to create a long lasting peace by use of collective trade protection, but the old contests had not halt after the Utrecht-Rastatts peace and some more including Northern Europe, Germany, Near East and Italy developed in the succeeding decades.It was in the seven years war of 1756-63 when a climax of forty years of imbalance of struggle for power was reached. This war was bigger than the war of Spanish succession and more blood was shed, and stop up with its fighters tired of fighting and exhausted. The results were decisive in continent al theatres as well as in maritime, but in varying at up. Spain was frustrated by Britain in the fight for colonies and seas control defeated France on sea, and by Prussia on land. This made France to collapse financially.The aggressive spirit of King Frederick the Great of Prussia was change magnitude at the end of war. European states are part of the international organizations which are political and economically. Almost all European states are members of European council which is the only Pan-European organization. The activities of the European council are programs that harmonize regulations and jurisprudence amongst the member state in citizenship, bioethics. Heritage protection the linguistic and cultural minority right among others.In other monetary value the council dejection be related to regional version state jointly related to government and national coalescency. It plays role as a market, with customs conjugation, rough-cut policy in Agriculture and Fisheries a s well as acting as a single currency with thirteen of its twenty seven members adopting. This union constitutes the largest economy worldwide consisting 2007 nominal GDP of 15. 849 million USD. The union primarily started as an economic union before evolving into a political policy, and this has been contributed by the many political areas within EU competency.There has been a debate between and within some member states concerning more development in political competence of EU. There was a military alliance of European states together with fall in States of America and Canada, commonly known as North Atlantic accordance fundamental law (NATO), which was founded as a collective security as a result of World War II. This alliance targeted to provide defense incase the Soviet Union attacked the European allies of unite States. The attack was to be treated as if it had attacked the United States bearing in mind it was sedate of the largest military.They anticipate to get the ou tperform defense, but the Soviet never invaded Europe, instead the alliance was involved in September 12th 2001, responding to the previous days attack on the United States. GUAM organization for Democracy and Economic Development was formed to counter the Russias influence in that area. This base constituted four common wealth unaffiliated states (CIS) that is Georgia, Ukraine, Azerba-Ijan and Moldova, though it was encouraged and moxieed up by the United States.It reached a time when it appeared to impart ceased its operation but there is a possibility to liven its operation through developments. The common wealth of the independent states (CIS) has fewer supranational powers, but its a symbolic organization that has power to coordinate trade, security, law making and finance. It came up with a full-fledged free trade zone between its members, who are 12 states of 15 states of former Soviet Union, excluding Baltic States, in 2005. This confederacy has enhances cooperation o n democratization and has prevented cross border crime.In devolutionary pressures, acts requiring independence or autonomy varied in politically and popularity support depending on campaign, and the miscellany of movements Georgia has two region and wanted to join with Russia, in Italy, there was a small independent movement, and the Lega Nord, the Italian political caller, supports, blamed southern Italy for cylinder block progress and getting tax funds away and condemned them as racial nationalist throng. On the other hand it supported the Northern Italy. Italy is to be split into two countries, the North and the South.In Netherlands, Frisian National political party sought autonomy for Friesland without caring about Fresian culture and without striving for total independent. Transylvania belonged to Austria-Hungary before the Treaty of Triarion. There is small minority Hungarian ethic who felt like reuniting with Hungary. These are habitants of Romania. The North Caucasus border of Russia, supports has movements in search for independence. The English Democrats in United landed estate saw the need for England to devolve. In United Kingdom is composed for a mixture of many parties with different wills.In this state, there are movements and parties that needed independence and at the same time some parties wanted to be incorporated in the Republic of Ireland thus saw not need of the responsibleness being in the union. After the election of Victor Yuschenko as a president some areas in Ukraine wanted to join Russia. Ukraine did not only go for movements that wanted complete independence, but also the urge to get higher autonomy, after uniting with Russia. Though some autonomous regions of Spain are peaceful, they violently acquired the peace.In 2006, there were international negotiations to define final status of Kosovo a Serbias province, which all through had territorial and political dis assemblee between its ethnic state and the Serbian governme nt organization. In 1532, some movements in Northern France lost independence, and they wanted to regain it. These countries in the State had different needs as pertains the movements nature or rather composition to the kind of campaign. These needs or rather goals varied from attaining autonomy, attaining independence or the need to reunite with Russia.The Unions rank and file enlargement poses a political issue trying to know from the diving the extent at which the block should move. The block location in terms of size of it and the fear of the block moving very far and including other regions created a challenge to the European Union. European nation is divided into council, parliament council of European Union and commission. The commission has the mandate to Rome up with registration and the use of law each member state is represented by a member. President comes from the commission.The unions prime minister has different powers with the president Directorate-General (DG) and commissioner, but they pick up similar roles. The councils have no delegated power to the unions supranational mental hospitals, and have no treaties official power. The head of state has similar roles to council. Legislative branch of the union incorporate parliament and council, whose formation differs as in the parliament is elect directly while the council is formed and mainly of national ministers. Insensitive areas have lower control of national minister.The powers in the union are given match to pillars. These pillars are usually three the first one being that of community, the second is Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) while the third is Police and juridic Cooperation in Criminal matters (PJCC). Just to mention, the 1st First pillar entails common Fisheries poly, Agricultural policy, Environmental law, Immigration Poly, Education and culture among others. The second pillar has security policy and foreign policy and the third pillar deals with human beings traff icking Fraud and bribery, terrorism, weapon smuggling among others.Each pillars principles differ on intergovernmental and supranational basis, supranationalism being higher in 1st pillar. After every five years by adult suffrage, votes are casted. Despite having no voting system, there should be a ratio in representing either singly or under a party the area at which the votes casting is done squeeze out be in all told or subdivided, and election threshold should be below five percent. The European law requires to be bound to.The union makes legislative acts and all its members are expected to bind to a direct applied law (regulation, a framework of objectives in which a national law in order to achieve its goals, and a decision based on particular issue are the key forms by which a union can present its legislative acts. (Hay&Menon,2007). European bases their constitution texts on their treaties. The role of the European treaties is to form institution which are given aims of th e union, which are set also by the treaties and the institution should always aim at attain the set aims.Currently the European integration is under four treaties, namely the Treaty of European nation which was put to work in November 1993 after it was signed on 7th February 1992 in Maastricht. This treaty was involved with security policy and Home Affairs. The Treaty showing European Economic Community (ECC) which was put into action on 1st January 1958 and was signed at the same time with Euratom treaty, in Rome on March the twenty-fifth of 1957, and due to the place at which it was signed, its usually also referred to as the Treaty of Rome. The treaty of Paris was put to work on 23rd day of July 1952 but expired on 23rd day of July 2002.It was signed on the 18th day of April, 1951, and was involved with putting into place the European steel and coal community. The ahead treaty was involved with the development of European atomic Energy community which is commonly referred to as Euratom Treaty and was signed at Rome on the twenty-fifth day of March, 1957. There were times when these treaties expired or required additional or subtraction of some of its terms and roles thus the need for changes and reforms. European political party is obliged to operate transitionally in the state, and is usually funded and recognized by the European Union.Their formation is usually bases on partly parties in the whole Europe. As per the European parliament and commission as there were ten (10) recognized parties by 2006, namely European People troupe which was the first to be formed, then the European Socialist Party was formed, followed by European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party, the Free Alliance European Party, the European Areas Party, Alliance for Europe of the Nations, European theft party, European Democratic party, Alliance of Independent Democrats in Europe and EU Democratic, which were formed respectively.These parties mostly consider co-operating and working a s a coalition as this makes them stronger and gives the party a chance to get higher financial fund rate from the parliament at the same time ensuring they have access to committees seat which an independent party can afford to access due to the cost. To enhance the uniting of parties, however requires that the member states votes for the Groups MEPs should not be less than one-fifth, that its MEPs can create a group of their wish, that all MEPs in a group should be registered in only one group and that, a groups MEPs should be of the same political goal.Its only after fulfilling these requirements that two groups can join and unite to for a coalition thus enjoying the privileges. The Groups can either be organized from many European parties, national parties or be made of MEPs of a single European political party. An Account of the changes that the European Socialist Parties have undergone since the Second World War. European Socialist Part (PES) in a party in the European politica l party composed of equal number of labor, social democratic, and socialistic parties from members states of European Union and also from Norway.The socialist party constitutes socialist group in parliament which is composed of more than 200 MEPs thus making the group to be second largest, in the European parliament. This socialist group was there since 1953 and the socialist party was formed back in 1992. Ever since its the party held the largest single group position in the parliament. After the partys formation in 1953, socialist party Henri Spaak was elected first president, with Guy Mollet elected the first bureau and secretariat apart from being the chair.The socialists attempt to produce a common European socialists program in 1961 being outlaid by an enlargement application. Despite their congress trying to enhance more democratization, and parliament powers in 1962, it took them longer than they expected since this was considered in 1969, after Kate Strobel MEP winning the 1st woman chair. They continued to achieve and rule and in 1971s elections saw their member, Walter Behrendt as the second parliament president.It took few years since then when other states joined the community and brought with them some more parties, which enlarged the community as well as the congress. These states included Ireland, United Kingdom and Denmark and after meeting they made social policy in which they were entitled to body politic, equality and give them the right to work in the European economy. Elections were carried out once more in 1975, and socialist Georges Spenale was as the parliaments president. After the union with Ireland, Denmark and United Kingdom, a confederation of the European communities socialist party was formed.Their was an election manifesto, which the confederation signed after the parliaments first direct elections in 1979, and the manifesto objective was aimed at ending discrimination, promoting peace, fighting pollution and ensuring the abi lity to decent work among others. They were the largest group in the parliament. Two years after the direct election, its first status was signed and they united with other states like Greece, Portugal and Spain made this party to increase.It did not take the Group long before they saw the need and the privileged of cooperation in 1987 they cooperated with peoples party group thus increasing their number. (Grolier, Inc, 2002). In 1992, the already existing confederation was changed to party of European socialist, whose manifesto had more issues to deal with compare to the election manifesto and the added areas included gender equality, fighting organized crimes and democracy among others. The party had its second leader in the 1994s election after the party won two cytosine and fifteen (215) out of the available sextuplet hundred and twenty six (626).After a five year period of ruling, the parliament refused to sign for approval of the commissions EU work out handling, and this l ead to crisis. This was because of the allegation of corruption made to two of the socialists members. The socialists tried to bloc the order made by the commission that the members concerned had to resign, by their president trying to vote confidence vote in the commission, since the PES took the issue as a false allegation made to stop them from participating in the years election.Since socialist were the majority they were on the government side, they decided to stop helping or rather supporting the other party thus facilitating santer commissions to resign. After the five years of ruling, elections was carried out, the socialists lost the votes to peoples party with the winning party attaining two hundred and 30 three the socialists had only one hundred and eighty. In the 2004 elections the socialist party lost once more by getting only two hundred seats in seven hundred and thirty two seats.The European Political history has been an evolutional process. The struggle was aimed at either attaining independence, or becoming autonomous. The European politics is composed of the parliament headed by a President from a party with the majority seats, the commission, and a council. Each of its constituent has its mandate and powers. The Socialist Party headed in the parliament longer till 1999.

Rizal Retraction & Josephine Bracken and Rizal’s Marriage

Rizal was excommunicated by the Catholic Church when he joined the Masonry. Influenced by Miguel Morayta, a history professor at the Universidad de Madrid, Rizal joined Masonry, under the Gran Oriente de Espanol, adopting the Masonic name, Dimasalang. He was automatically excommunicated, expelled from the Catholic Church, a fate decreed for all Catholics becoming Masons since 1738 and reaffirmed by the CBCP in 1990. whatever argued that Dr. Rizal wrote those anti-catholic passages on his letters, poems and novels during the times when he was still excommunicated from his Catholic trustingness.So, he was really an enemy of the Catholic Church of that time. But prior to his execution by rubor squad, he wrote a retraction letter which in turn rejects all the things he wrote about the Roman Catholic Church. Catholic legend has it that as if fearing for his salvation, Rizal regained his faith on his last night thus leading to his retraction saying I declare myself a Catholic I wish to live and guide as a Catholic I retract with all my heart all that I have said, written and done against the Church and our Lord savior Christ. Josephine BRACKEN Being a mason, Rizal and Josephine could not get married. Josephine and Rizal reunited for the last time at the latters cell in Fort Santiago on December 30, 1896. The couple were married in Catholic rites by Fr. Victor Balaguer two hours before Rizals execution at Bagumbayan. After his execution Josephine, attended by Paciano and Trinidad Rizal entered rebel territory in Cavite. They were received by Andres Bonifacio who received from the Rizals a copy of the heros last poem which would be cognize as the Mi Ultimo Adios.

911

Monday 19th October English course work Ross Kemp in Afghanistan and 9/11 documentaries By Sophia Howkins Introduction- In this screen I am outlet to comp atomic number 18 some(prenominal) documentaries or so Ross Kemp in Afghanistan and the 911 crash. Both of these documentaries atomic number 18 related as they two started beca employment of the same reason. They are establish on the real drama on the outpouring and keep in the army. The war began on October 7, 2001 the aim of invasion was to breakthrough Osama Bin Laden. British and the U. S military launched in response to the 11 attacks in September, The 911 overhauled on Tuesday 11th September 2001 in the morning in the United States.Genre- The send-off ever docudrama was made in France 1895, in that respect was no sound or colour it was just a moving image there was no editing employ just a long take of a read. The word infotainment comes from the word evidence and realistic approach means long takes put down l ife in true form and formative approach means editing montage ( more than aesthetically pleasing). Documentaries now are more formative approach not a realistic approach because they prepare more equipment to edit the documentary. Mock documentaries impart caused scepticism in an ear conniption so when it comes to true documentaries the audience siret believe them.But most documentaries are based on true stories e. g. filming wildlife. Documentaries are thought to be educational and boring to some people. Ross Kemps documentary in Afghanistan is a typical documentary because of the subject war/political this documentary uses some(prenominal) formative approach and realistic because it has some editing in. And it is a moderated documentary this documentary has informal inter linear perspectives, the location of the shooting on a held hand cam, synchronous sound recording and voice over the filming. mise en scene-The film called Ross Kemp in Afghanistan is based on the war happe ning today, it is over the 9/11 attack on the similitude towers. It has carried on over all these historic period and it started in 2001 and is still ongoing. The British armys aim for the attack was to find Laden. The documentary Ross Kemp in an Afghanistan was Directed by John Conroy and Anuar Arroyo (2nd series) Produced by monotonous Bennett. The two series involved Kemp and a small embedded film crew following troops fighting in Helmand Province, documenting their part in the ongoing Herrick.In the first series Kemp and his crew participate in the Vikings initial training in Britain for the deployment. They then visit the unit during their six month tour, filming both lives at rest and on fighting guards in Helmand. The series finally covers their return to the UK. In the follow up series Kemp returns to Afghanistan to assess how the conflict has changed since his first visit in 2007. During the filming of the first series, in one engagement the crew were pinned down by fire from the Taliban, with Kemp nearly dying with bullets passing in spite of appearance inches.In filming the second series, Kemp runs into a possible mine plain. The level was praised for the closeness and realism of the battle footage, and is believed to be the first documentary of its kind filmed in. Audience- The audience of this documentary is young lads who are deciding to marry the army or who are already in it. The age audience is 16 to late 30s. Audience has changed over the years because documentaries use more popular subjects which are attractions a younger audience. Typical audience over the years are generally people who enjoy watching documentaries.Documentaries either educate or a hobby. Viewers may have a hobby and like to watch documentaries what bear on them or schools use them for educational reasons. Narrative- Ross Kemp in Afghanistan is virtually Ross Kemp the journalist and narrator doing a documentary on the war in Afghanistan. The documentary is astir(p redicate) the soldiers lives in the war, how they miss their families and friends, the impact on the soldiers families, the soldiers mental/physical health and how they work out and train and finally how the Afghanistan civilians feel about living in a war zoneThis documentary is trying to institute us that army life is not that good. When you watch the documentary it shows how flourishing we are to have stuff which they dont have or arent very good e. g. a shower and bed. It also shows that being in the army is quite scary because you dont know if youre going to live through with(predicate) the day or if youre not going to see your family over again. This documentary is being told by Ross Kemp and his filming crew, the crew films it life and Ross Kemp is the narrator. The British Army and the Taliban are involved in the war.I think this documentary is incomparable because it is actually educating us and showing us what it is really like in the war and it should teach people no t to take advantage of what they have got. office- at that place are many different groups represent in the text the first being the British Army. The British Army in this documentary are being represented as strong and exiting to fight for our country. Its no all fun and happiness. The soldiers are hit emotionally because of what is happening almost them. At the beginning they felt s sustenanced, act childish. By being in the army they change the way they act and think.The soldiers bedt wait to piece all there training into action in the war zone. In this documentary the army are fighting for their country and the civilians of Afghanistan. When there on patrol they are grown-up and professional further in the documentary after their time on patrol when Ross Kemp interviewed them they were thinking of leaving the army because now they know it isnt all fun being in the army. Their families have to keep strong for their soldiers. In the documentary there families were describe to be nervous and anxious and fast(a) they dont leave them they stick by their soldiers.The documentary had a mother interviewed about her 19 year old son who died on patrol she was strong, devastated and distraught tho she gave Ross Kemp a video of how her son died to go in the documentary. The civilians in Afghanistan were prepared to negotiate with the British Army but they never gave to untold information because they were scared some think will happen to them. The cautions for the civilians are that they are in a middle of a battle zone. The Talibans were described as very tactical, strong well a d trained. Media Language- camera shots/lighting-I am going to talk about a escape of camera shots. Firstly in shot 1 the section uses both formative approach and realistic approach. It was a birds affection view shot and it showed that the land was deserted nothing was to be seen. The main focus more or less was central it showed how powerful a machine gasoline really is. The p owerful feeling is emphasised because the weapon is closest to the camera. Secondly, shot 3 was a close up of Ross Kemp on the ground lying down. This shot made you feel claustrophobic and it gives you the Idea of the closeness of the soldiers and how they rely on each other a lot.Unlike shot 1 this shot does not use deep focus as Ross Kemp is to remain the central focus of this camera shot. We are faced with montage of shots of weapons, action shots, training and frontline Shot 4 was a medium long-shot. Ross Kemp and the soldiers was on the helicopter and the door was down the light was shining through and Ross Kemp walked out. The light was bright and it represented heaven or walking through the tunnel of death or as some people will say walking into the unknown because they dont know what is going to happen once they step outside the helicopter.The connotations are to this shot is that its like death because they use the helicopter to take bodies back to England. In shot 7, it th e mis en scene is contradictory uses an extreme close-up of a barbed wire this could have represented danger/keep-out or it was like representing prison for the Afghanistan civilians or maybe it could be hold loveding them from danger. The barbed wire is dark and gloomy but there was a beautiful sunset behind the barbed wire. The lighting uses juxtaposition amidst the darkness/ danger of barbed wire and natural beauty of the sunlight.Costumes/Props/Sounds The costumes for this documentary where mainly army reproducible which is mainly good because it camouflages the soldiers because the colours are beiges and browns and creams because of the desert colours. They will be recognised by their blood type which is sewed on to there arm of the uniform mainly because if they get killed they can be recognised There are lots of weapons in this documentary and whenever theyre in shot there in centre to look more powerful the weapons become the uniform.The documentary uses synchronous soun d (Recording, happening with action) volume sounds increased to be more powerful and that your there and fear the feelings of the soldiers. The shouting of the soldiers emphasises the chaos. Context- The 9/11 documentary was based on the attack on the twin towers. The 9/11 attack were a series of coordinated suicide attacks by al-Qaeda upon the United States on September 11, 2001. The locations of the attacks were rude(a) York city Arlington County, Virginia and near Shanks Ville, Pennsylvania.The types of attack were Aircraft hijacking, Mass murder and Suicide attack. It killed 2,976 victims and 19 hijackers and injured 6,000. Both buildings collapsed within two hours, destroying nearby buildings and damaging others. The hijackers crashed a third airliner into the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, just outside Washington, D. C. The fourth plane crashed into a field near Shanks Ville in rural Pennsylvania, after some of its passengers and flight crew attempted to retake control of the plane, which the hijackers had redirected toward Washington, D. C.There were no survivors from any of the flights. Audience- The audience for this documentary is a little bit different to the audience from Ross Kemp in Afghanistan, mainly because this documentary is more aimed at firemen or young people wanting to join the services but the Ross Kemp is for soldiers. Narrative- 9/11 was originally based on a probe fire fighter called Tony. The documentary was meant to be about a boy becoming a man from his job at an early stage into it. The directors for this documentary were two brothers called Jules Naudet and Geodeon Naudet.They didnt mean to record the 9/11 attack. It was an accident. The plane was that low it caught everyones attention, including the two brothers filming. Planes are never seen around the area of the twin towers. This documentary has real live footage from the horrific terrorist attack. There is emotional footage and interviews with fire fighters who showed t heir feelings about the attack. A number of them state they would have to learn to love the job again because of what they all had to go through, digging to find either dead people or survives.Everybody lost someone or someones close to them because of the attack 9/11 but raze though the firemen thoughts were about the safety of their family, they were still determined to save other civilians with the help of the support of the public. Most of the fire fighters had flashbacks of what happened that very day. In the documentary, throughout the attack on the twin towers news broadcasts were shown on the news, either from the location or pictures from the viewers. They were edited to fit the documentary to show different sides of the attack.The 9/11 and Ross Kemp in Afghanistan have some similarities. They both used hand held cameras to shoot the action happening around them. In the Ross Kemp documentary they had a helmet camera too. as well they both shoot on the location which the d ocumentaries are about. Both firemen and soldiers while being interviewed questioned their jobs after and while the attack were happening. On the other hand both documentaries have some differences, while the firemen and soldiers were being interviewed they both had different approaches. The 9/11 used formal interviews.They interviewed the eye witness after the attack but in Ross Kemps documentary the interviews were informal they recorded on the location while the attack was happening. Both of the documentaries have different cultures for example the two French narrators expressed their emotions by hugging and kissing each others heads but the American firemen just hugged each other and shacked each others hands. They showed their emotions differently. Representation- There are many different groups represented in the 9/11 documentary. The first being New York firemen from ladder 1.At the beginning they were relaxed and joked around with Tony teasing him. On the job they was repres ented as serious, audacious and professional firemen, while the attacks were happening they seemed shocked, distraught and selfless fore example one firemen leaned over one of the film-makers to keep him safe and he didnt care about him self. He risked his own life to protect another civilian. All of the firemen were very emotional and had open feelings after the attack. Secondly the civilians who were represented as incredulity and shocked, people idnt have a clue what was going on, Felt helpless that they couldnt do nothing, They also felt concern for others around or in the buildings but for them selfs too. Thirdly the film-makers, they shared the same emotions as the civilians such as scared, helpless and they also panicked but they were homophile(a) and for the others they put on a straight face. alike they was respectful because there were two people on fire and they never filmed it but they said to my left there are two people on fire it doesnt feel right to film it.They were professional because they focused on filming and let the film-maker take over. The filming was by two brothers which had different culture to the American. Their emotions are more open than the Americans. They were loyal, loving and caring towards each other. The Ross Kemp in Afghanistan and the 9/11 have a few similarities. They both risked there lifes and are seen as heros or angles but also they joke around but remain professional when it counts. The documentaries were both filmed on the location and they both risked their lives to get real footage of the war and attacks.Also the both documentaries have some differences. The firemen are there to save lifes and put out fires but the soldiers are there to kill there targets and protect the civilians of the country there fighting. The firemen are more emotional than the soldiers because if someone died in the army in the war zone they have to leave the dead soldier and carry on with the job but the firemen will carry them or ta ke them to safety. The 9/11 attack was unexpected but the Ross- Kemp was planned. Media Language- Camera Shots-Camera shot one is a pan shot of the people in the street around the twin towers. This shot shows how the attack effected everyone even tourists. Also it showed all the different life styles from business men to mothers. This shot allows the audience to see the twin towers and how it affected everyone there. This camera shot is a worm eye view shot. This shot shows how large the twin towers and buildings around are but at this point none of the towers had been touched yet. This shot gives us an impression that the twin towers are powerful and the status is looking up at them.Camera shot three, is a close up of the firemen. The reason for this shot is to show the emotions of the firemen, which were shocked and anxious. Also to show their expressions, this shot could represent the firemen asking god for help or they were looking up to heaven, also it could suggest death This camera shot is of the American flag. It is a median value low angle shot. This shot of the flag could represent power, pride for the country or maybe its a symbol. When the flag was shown it was meant to show joy and pride but after the attack the joy died.Tony the probe had to raise the flag everyday and break it down every night to show respect, that they still think about there friend who died in a fire trying to save someone. After the attack on the twin towers Tony had to pull down the flag to show joy that none of his brothers died from the firehouse but he didnt want to raise or pull it down again because of all the death that happened that day. Camera shot five is of both twin towers but one has already had the plane crash into it. This shot is a median long shot it also has some mis en scene in it, theres smoke radical and mist in this shot.The paper is flight of steps around in the air coming down to the ground and settling also the smoke shows confusion because people couldnt see where they were going but there was daylight through the top of the sky before and after the attack. There was blue sky one side and the other side dear focus onto one tower at this moment the other tower wasnt touched at this stage. The paper and ashes could show and look like bodies burnet. The paper could also indicate to being confetti but confetti is to celebrate and it represents happiness but in this documentary its about death. Camera shot 6 is a long shot of after the attack.All of the people who were in the attack looked the same because of the ash, this could suggest that everyone is the same underneath but also it could show that all of the civilians have experienced the same thing. While the ash was falling down to the ground it looked like snow this is ironic because snow is associated with Christmas which Is a time of good will and cheer. Costumes/ Props- Again the 9/11 only had one costume. Which was the firemens uniform, wearing this uniform it gave the firemen sense of pride and a sense of unity and togetherness, because in the 9/11 documentary the firemen talked about being brothers.The uniform also was protective in case of an emergency. It also gave them power wearing the uniform, the people of New York and from all over looked up to the fire-fighters for all there hard-work and effort. If the firemen got lost or hurt they wear badges with there fire stations and ladder they work at so people can recognize the fire-fighters, this is similar to the soldiers from Ross- Kemp documentary and the way they have the regiment and battalion they belong to, on their uniform. Compare to the soldiers the way that their uniform gives them a sense of pride and unity.The civilians clothes reflected that there were people from all over the world from different cultures and countries. This emphasises how it had an impact on everyone not just New-York civilians. The clothes of the civilians mirrored the destruction of the twin-towers as clothing got torn and tatty further on in the documentary. There were some props. Mainly there was paper floating in the sky from the building also there was business men with brief-cases and woman with shopping bags and pushchairs plus cameras and phones from all of the civilians.